Perception Towards Successful Brand Essay

Fire up. of â€Å"Building Brands Without Mass Media.† Joachimsthaler, Erich, and David A. Aaker. Harvard Business Review 3 March 2009: 4-6. Print. In this article, the writers accentuate that an organization must have an unmistakable brand personality with profundity and surface so it won't pass on befuddle messages to clients. Additionally, they give some advertising techniques to the brands to set up an unmistakable and compelling brand personality. In addition, they delineate six organizations that have a solid and clear brand character in which The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs are analyzed in detail. Aside from these, they utilize different guides to exhibit the tasks of The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs. To wrap things up, they have looked at The Body Shop and Haggen-Dazs with their rivals. In conclusion, they examine the publicizing techniques for Haggen-Dazs in which they think the Farggi methodology that can befuddle the clients the most. (Melanie) Hartman, Cathy L., and Caryn L. Beck-Dudley. â€Å"Marketing Strategies and the Search for Virtue: A Case Analysis of The Body Shop, International.† Journal of Business Ethics 20.3 (1999): 253-257. Print. In this diary, the creators utilize some chronicled guides to talk about three authoritative virtuesâ€excellence, respectability and judgment in which they feel that the excellencies are presently characterized and stretched out to network, participation and comprehensive quality. In particular, they accept that the excellencies are currently broadly applied in the organizations. In any case, they concur with the specialists that it is hard to estimate the idea of network. In addition, they utilize the organizer of The Body Shopâ€Anita Roddick as the primary guide to outline the ideals can be used in a major organization in diverse perspectives. (Melanie) Salver, Jessica. Brand Management in the Hotel Industry and its Potential for Achieving Customer Loyalty. Germany: GRIN Verlag, 2009. Print. In this book, the writer for the most part examines some item prerequisites for a brand to get effective. Despite the fact that it isn't her goal to propose that a brand won't become effective without the recorded prerequisites, she looks at various variables that can develop a fruitful brand in detail, for example, high and separated interest for item class, the item is anything but difficult to recognize and item quality is anything but difficult to keep up. Likewise, she has utilized The Body Shop and McDonald as the guides to clarify her elements in detail. In addition, she accepts that if the brand offers a sensible cost for the clients, they will positively purchase the items. Fire up. of Starbucks: Delivering Customer Service. Moon, Youngme, and John Quelch. Harvard Business Review 10 July 2006: 3-4. Print. In this book, the writers have utilized Starbucks for instance to assess the incentive and they use â€Å"live coffee† to portray the national espresso culture of it. Additionally, they utilize three segments to delineate the marking technique of it. For instance, it imports the best espresso beans from the world, builds up a nearby closeness with the client and makes a decent air. In addition, they talk about the areas of the Starbucks in which they are typically situated in high-traffic and high-perceivability places, for example, business focuses and colleges. Furthermore, they explore various items and the government aides of the representatives in the Starbucks. Adubato, Steve. You Are the Brand. Canada: Rutgers University Press, 2011. Print. In this book, the writer utilizes his own understanding to show Starbucks isn't an inadvertent brand and it doesn't generally keep an association with clients. Be that as it may, he concurs that Starbucks has based on â€Å"comfortable† and â€Å"familiar† for him toward the finish of the section. In addition, he trusts Starbucks’ notorieties are based on the verbal exchange from the clients and fantastic administrations from the workers. Moreover, he has refered to the book from the first director and CEO of Starbucks to show the goals of the organization and the reasons that it begins to lose clients. In conclusion, in spite of the fact that he mourns the Starbucks has gotten progressively business, he despite everything makes the most of his recreation time in it.

Behaviors of Domestic Cats

Felines have been kept as local pets since old occasions. They are known as faithful, finicky and free animals. Their practices can reveal to us whether they have a physical illness, are vexed or stressed or are cheerful and placated. (Catsinfo. com) When a feline rubs facing somebody, they are indicating responsibility for individual and checking them all things considered. Felines can be very finicky with regards to who they like and can even decide to overlook somebody in the event that they conclude they don't care for them. (Budiansky, 2002) A feline is normally disposed to paw things, for example, furniture, window hangings or rugs.Many individuals have their felines declawed to forestall harm to these articles. While this was ordinary for a long time, it is currently turning out to be something of a debate. Basic entitlements activists and many feline proprietors are contrasting the technique with removal and intensely contradict the training. With time and exertion, felines c an be prepared to utilize a scratching post. One issue for feline proprietors is the peril that most house plants present to the felines. In the wild, felines eat grass to help with hide in their stomach. Numerous basic house plants can be harmful to felines if ingested.Hanging plants are not generally safe since felines will climb furniture to contact them. A few proprietors have discovered that growning a little fix of grass in a holder will keep the felines sufficiently glad to disregard different plants. Numerous indoor felines utilize a litter box rather than the outside. In the wild, felines cover their dung to shield predators from scenting them. This conduct proceeds inside also. Felines are normally perfect creatures and like the litter box to be spotless also. One of the primary issues for feline proprietors is pee in a territory other than the litter box.There can be numerous foundations for this conduct and it is experimentation until the issue is settled. Finding the co rrect litter box and sort of litter can likewise be experimentation as certain felines incline toward a certain something, some another. One purpose behind a feline to decline to utilize the litter box is that it isn't spotless. In the event that the litter box is spotless, it might be a physical sickness, for example, a bladder contamination or urinary tract disease. Any afflictions ought to be treated by a veterinarian. A feline may show it is annoyed with pee outside the litter box as well.Cats can be furious about any number of things, for example, changes in environment, increases of new pets to the family or different changes. Viewing a cat’s tail can be a decent sign of the cat’s state of mind. A tail that is erect and held high demonstrates a well disposed temperament. A tail that is setting down and jerking as a rule demonstrates the feline is contemplative or bad tempered. A tail held high and cushioned out is a decent pointer that the feline will assault whe never incited. (xmission, 2007) Cats show fondness in a few different ways. Murmuring is the most normally perceived conduct of a well disposed, content cat.A feline will murmur when cheerful, commonly while being petted. Felines will likewise rub against an individual to show kind disposition and furthermore to stamp the individual as their. Felines have fragrance organs all over their bodies that empower them to stamp their domain. property This is another conduct taken from the wild where they mark their domain against different creatures attacking it. Running their heads into an individual is another method of demonstrating warmth. Urinary shower is likewise a route for them to stamp their region however having them fixed or fixed at around a half year old enough will stop this behavior.Cats are regular trackers and will follow feathered creatures, little creatures and toys. It is their impulse to chase that makes them jump on toys and bat them around. Felines are acceptable tra ckers and very quick now and again. Numerous homesteads keep felines as mousers in the horse shelter and home. Felines will pursue little toys or laser lights. This is the chasing sense in them causing this conduct as felines are pulled in by development. Felines tend to demonstrate thoughtfulness regarding individuals who couldn't care less for felines when they visit. This is because of a conduct in the wild that demonstrates submissivness.Cats will take a gander at another feline and show hostility if securing an area or youthful. A feline who won't take a gander at another feline or appears to overlook it is demonstrating accommodation to the next feline. It is a similar conduct in individuals who couldn't care less for felines, they will in general turn away or attempt to overlook the feline. This is a solicitation to the feline to show strength. A feline that is harmed or in agony will in general conceal itself in a dull territory. This is a conduct that regularly spares their lives in nature. Harmed or frail creatures regularly become nourishment for predators so stowing away is a characteristic instinct.Cats will frequently do something very similar inside when harmed. Remember that any harmed or tormented creature will strike out whenever scared and additional consideration ought to be taken when endeavoring to remove the feline from its concealing spot. (xmission, 2007) Cats make magnificent pets and are generally low maintantence because of their free nature. They don't require consistent consideration or consolation. They can be prepared to beat wrong conduct and are incredibly warm when it suits them. Regardless of whether the feline is an indoor feline or an open air feline, the practices will in general be the same.Instinct has a huge influence in feline conduct and realizing these practices can prompt an agreeable feline and proprietor relationship. Works Cited Budiansky, Stephen. â€Å"The Character of Cats: The Mystery Is Not Why They're So Antisocial however Why They're Social at All. † The Atlantic Monthly June 2002: 75+. Questia. 26 Sept. 2007 <http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=5002470654>. http://www. catsinfo. com Moore, Glenda. â€Å"Catstuff† Retrieved September 24, 2007 from http://www. xmission. com/emailbox/whycat. htm

The Dangers of Substance Abuse in the Workplace

The Dangers of Substance Abuse in the Workplace Addiction Drug Use Print The Dangers of Substance Abuse in the Workplace By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on February 18, 2020 Juice Images Ltd / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Alcohol and drug abuse by employees cause many expensive problems for business and industry ranging from lost productivity, injuries, and an increase in health insurance claims.?? The loss to companies in the United States due to alcohol and drug-related abuse by employees totals $100 billion a year?, according to the National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information (NCADI). These staggering numbers do not include the cost of diverting company resources, that could be used for other purposes, toward addressing substance abuse issues. Nor does it include the pain and suffering aspects, which cannot be measured in economic terms. Drinking and drugging among U.S. workers create costly medical, social, and other problems that affect both employees and employers. Substance abuse among employees can threaten public safety, impair job performance and threaten their own safety. Problems Caused in the Workplace In addition to deaths and accidents, absenteeism and loss of production, other problems that alcohol and drug abuse can cause on the job include: Tardiness/sleeping on the job??Hangover or withdrawal affecting job performancePoor decision makingLoss of efficiency??TheftLower morale of co-workersIncreased likelihood of having trouble with co-workers/supervisors or tasksPreoccupation with obtaining and using substances while at work, interfering with attention and concentrationIllegal activities at work including selling illicit drugs to other employeesHigher turnoverTraining of new employeesDisciplinary procedures Measuring the Costs of Substance Abuse However, costs to businesses can be measured at the expense of absenteeism, injuries, health insurance claims, loss of productivity, employee morale, theft, and fatalities. Impact of Drug and Alcohol Abuse According to NCADI statistics, alcohol and drug users:Are far less productive.Use three times as many sick days.Are more likely to injure themselves or someone else.Are five times more likely to file a workers compensation claim. One survey found that nine percent of heavy drinkers and 10 percent of drug users had missed work because of a hangover, six percent had gone to work high or drunk in the past year, and 11 percent of heavy drinkers and 18 percent of drug users had skipped work in the past month. Factors Contributing to Employee Substance Abuse Research has shown that several factors can contribute to problem drinking and drugging in the workplace. Factors that can encourage or discourage workplace substance abuse include: Workplace culture and acceptance of drinking/drugging??Workplace alienation??Availability of alcohol and drugsExistence and enforcement of workplace substance abuse policies Workplace Culture The culture of the workplace can play a large role  in whether drinking and drug use are accepted and encouraged or discouraged and inhibited. Part of this culture can depend on the gender mix of employees. In predominantly female occupations research shows that both male and female employees are less likely to have substance abuse problems compared to employees of both genders in male-dominated occupations.?? How the Effects of Alcoholism Differ in Men Studies have found that male-dominated occupations create heavy drinking cultures in which employees drink to build solidarity and show conformity. Therefore, these occupations have higher rates of alcohol- and drug-related problems.?? Any industry or organization can be affected by workplace alcoholism, but research shows it is prevalent in these industries: food service,?? construction, mining and drilling,?? excavation, installation, maintenance, and repair. Workplace Alienation Research shows that the job itself can contribute to higher rates of employee substance abuse. Work that is boring, stressful?? or isolating can contribute to employees drinking. Employee substance abuse has been linked to low job autonomy, lack of job complexity, lack of control over work conditions  and products, boredom, sexual harassment, verbal and physical aggression, and disrespectful behavior. Alcohol Availability The availability and accessibility of alcohol can influence employee drinking. More than two-thirds of the 984 workers surveyed at a large manufacturing plant said it was easy or very easy to bring alcohol into the workplace, to drink at workstations, and to drink during breaks. In cultures where alcohol is prohibited, drinking on the job and drinking, in general, is decreased significantly. Supervision The level of supervision on the job can affect drinking and drugging at work rates. A study of evening shift workers, when supervision was reduced, found that employees were more likely to drink at work than highly supervised shifts. Casual Drinkers Are a Problem, Too Remarkably,  research shows it is the social drinkers, not the hard-core alcoholics or problem drinkers, who are responsible for most of the lost productivity, according to a Christian Science Monitor article, specifically tying the hangover issue to production in the workplace?? What are the Symptoms of a Hangover? This study also found that it was managers, not hourly employees, who were most often drinking during the workday. And 21 percent of employees said their own productivity had been affected because of a co-workers drinking Twenty-three percent of upper managers and 11 percent of first-line supervisors reported having a drink during the workday, compared with only 8 percent of hourly employees. Prevention Works When the issue of workplace substance abuse is addressed by establishing comprehensive programs, it is a win-win situation for both employers and employees, according to the U.S. Department of Labor. A study of the economic impact of substance abuse treatment in Ohio found significant improvements in job-related performance: 91 percent decrease in absenteeism88 percent decrease in problems with supervisors93 percent decrease in mistakes in work97 percent decrease in on-the-job injuries. Companies and employers, large and small, can adopt a workplace substance abuse policy that will reduce the loss of productivity and provide a safer work environment for all. Workplace Drug Testing and Meeting the Legal Guidelines

Internationalization The Suitable Replacement for...

We live in a vastly different age from the one our parents or grandparents grew up in. Economies are immensely more complex, the youth have superlative access to information, and countries are able to interact with each other within seconds. A particular domain witnessing extreme change, in the recent era,w is the economical and commercial exchange between nations. Today, around one-third of trade occurs internationally. For example, online retailer Amazon has an annual revenue greater than the Gross Domestic Product of half of every nation in the world (McIntyre). Meanwhile, gross U.S. assets held by foreigners toward the end of 2006 amounted to $16.3 trillion. The world’s gross average output is reaching astonishing heights. As†¦show more content†¦Globalization seems to provide impressive benefits, but some benefits prove to be dubious. In India, for the year 2010, 96.9% of the population made incomes of less than $5 a day (Poverty in India). The situation is just as dire in the local provinces of China, with 71.6% of individuals making less than $5 a day (Poverty in China). In recent years, the large trade surplus that China has accumulated stimulates an urban industrial sector that no longer creates new jobs while at the same time restricting the governments ability to increase spending to improve services and address disparities(Poverty in China). Automation in the manufacturing and agriculture sectors generally follows the appearance of multinational corporations. This lessens the need for unskilled and uneducated workers thus raising unemployment levels. Globalization, in general, is insensitive to the cultural influences that surround it; the economic structure for globalization prefers to amass cultures and indigenous civilizations into a homogenous existence, in the name of equality and fair-trading. 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An important distinctionRead MoreApple s Corporate Strategy Analysis4738 Words   |  19 PagesTable of Contents: Page Introduction 2 Company Background 3 Part 1: Apple s Corporate Strategy 5 Internationalization 6 Diversification 8 Differentiation 10 Part 2: Suitability Analysis 12 PESTEL 12 Dynamic Capabilities 14 Stakeholder Analysis 16 Conclusion 18 Bibliography 19â€Æ' Introduction: Strategic management is a critical ideology when it comes to developing a competitive advantage in a particularRead MoreBridgestone Tyres European Marketing Strategy9749 Words   |  39 Pagestyre industry (see Appendix A). As evaluated in this case, Bridgestone dominates the Asian market, Goodyear dominates the North American market, and Michelin dominates the European market; each company currently has a regiocentric approach to globalization, while holding ethnocentric tendencies. 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Unlike the ThinkPad line of notebooks, the IdeaPad has fashion appearance, its design is not for the commercial market, and it’s more suitable for the average consumers (Caulfield, 2012). The Ideapad has a glossy screen, smooth and responsive keyboard made the buttons have the sense of reality. 1.2.3 ThinkCentre In 2003, IBM produced the ThinkCentre line; in 2005, merged IBM’s personalRead MoreLidl Norway30015 Words   |  121 Pagess  success  stories  elsewhere,  we  can  conclude  that  Lidl  obviously  is  doing   something   right   with   their   internationalization   strategies   (appendix   1).   Germany   is   Europe’s   biggest  economy;  it  is   no  surprise  that  the   three  largest  retailers  are  all  from   Germany.   Their   success   and   solid   base   in   the   home   country   lay   as   a   base   for   their   international   operations.   Lidl   clearly   has   an   internationalization   strategy   that   usually   leads  to  success.  Their  strategy  is  also  one  of  standardizationRead MoreHrm Lecture Notes for Pu, Mba 2nd Semester9501 Words   |  39 PagesRESOURCE PLANNING Human Resource Planning †¢ Predetermining HR needs in terms of quality quantity †¢ Estimating the size composition of future workforce †¢ Due to the dynamic nature of environment – technological change, globalization, change in nature of job, OD, shortage requirement of critical skills led to importance of HRP †¢ HRP is the process of determining an organization’s HR needs - Decenzo Robbins Human Resource Information System †¢ HRISRead MoreComparision of Corporate Governance in Different Countries in Report Foemat11603 Words   |  47 PagesAbstract Companies in different countries are operating in different cultural, legal, social and economic environments. As a result, each country has developed its own corporate governance system that serves its business operations best. As the globalization of business speeds up in recent years, it is unknown whether there exists one best corporate governance system for all countries. The purpose of this study was to compare the corporate governance component factors in Germany, the United StatesRead MoreByd, Porter Diamond6969 Words   |  28 PagesPart of this growth was triggered by a consequent government incentive and subsidy policy. In January 2009, sales tax was reduced from 10% to 5% for small displacement engines, being extended to a reduction to 7.5% in the year 2010. In addition, replacement of 3-wheelers and light trucks with combustion engines under 1.3 litres in rural areas was subsidized by approx. CNY 5 Billion; for special vehicle types, an incentive payment of CNY 6,000 was paid for scrapping. As the reduction of CO2 emissionRead MoreStrategic Management: HM and Zara14590 Words   |  59 Pagesnowadays, it does not work, earthshaking cha nge has taken place. Globalization, the internationalization of markets and corporations, has totally changed the way of modern corporations doing business. For purpose of reaching the economies of scale, it is necessary to achieve the low costs and low prices. Companies which need to be competitive begin to come up with â€Å"a global market† idea instead of a national market. With the globalization of more industries, strategic management is becoming an increasingly

The Manifest Destiny Of America Essay - 897 Words

The Manifest Destiny was the name given to the Anglo-American (white) expansion into the West. The Manifest Destiny was based on an idea that white Americans were superior people who believed in God. Americans were to populate North America â€Å"sea to shining sea† and spread the religion of Christianity. The Manifest Destiny displayed American’s confidence. Americans moved west for more land, the Manifest Destiny also uplifted American’s freedom and democracy. And it encouraged independence. The United States used the Manifest Destiny to start a war with Mexico from1846 until 1848. The Manifest Destiny communicated American claims to western lands, at once highlighting the nation’s superiority and offering a solution to national anxieties. Ironically, the new territories exacerbated sectional divisions and caused the civil war (Bailey et al., 2015, p 319, and Hardesty 2015). Texas joined the United States in December of 1845 as the Republic of Texas. 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The idea of Manifest Destiny was created directly by the European-used Doctrine of Discovery and industrialization; this direct correlation was proven to be true from the verdict of the court case Johnson v. M’Intosh. The term â€Å"Manifest Destiny† was never actually used until 1845, but the idea was always implied from theRead MoreManifest Destiny Of The United States1202 Words   |  5 PagesManifest destiny is one of the beliefs that existed in the United States. The latter stated belief claimed that, the settlers based in America were allowed to spread all over the continent. 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Polk1257 Words   |  6 PagesJack Biernesser Mr. Schulten U.S. History 16 March 2016 Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny is the belief during the 19th century, that the United States of America not only could, but was destined to, stretch from coast to coast. The idea of Manifest Destiny helped to fuel the war with Mexico and the removal of Indians from the United States. The American people and government lived by this belief. Manifest Destiny had many good results like the expansion of the American territory. It also had manyRead MoreManifest Destiny Essay802 Words   |  4 Pages Manifest destiny was the belief that God wanted the United States to own all of North America (Hall 301). But John O’Sullivan really only envisioned that white men were the only ones privileged enough to receive liberty (Hal 301). The Manifest Destiny was caused by the American people it gave them a sense of superiority over the other peoples who lived in North America. The declaration of the Manifest destiny wanted to expand the U.S. territory over the whole of North America and to extend andRead MoreThere Were Different Researches Done To Show What Caused1059 Words   |  5 PagesThere were different researches done to show what caused the Mexican War. Some say America and others say Mexico themselves. There has been some insight by Ramà ³n Eduardo Ruiz, David J. Weber, Rodolfo Acuà ±a, and Walter Nugent. From Ramà ³n Eduardo Ruiz’s article, there are mentions of the Manifest Destiny. Manifest Destiny played a role in the New World and in Mexico. In â€Å"’From Hell Itself’ The Americanization of Mexico’s Frontier† by David J. Weber, talks about the issues within Mexico that causedRead MoreAp American History - by: Alberto Alonso937 Words   |  4 Pagesfor expansion.† However, slavery was not the only reason America sought for expansion. 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Lecture note Free Essays

In English Composition l, you learned how to analyze an argument for effectiveness, specifically looking at the use of logos (logic), ethos (credibility), and pathos (emotion). This week, you’ll learn how to craft your own arguments. Starting with this week’s Discussion, we’ll take a closer look at constructing logic (logos), which Includes using both deductive and inductive reasoning. We will write a custom essay sample on Lecture note or any similar topic only for you Order Now With inductive reasoning, you move â€Å"from a et of specific examples to a general statement,† making the â€Å"inductive leap from evidence to generalization† (Rosa School, 2012, p. 540). For instance, after looking at a month’s worth of sales receipts, you could determine that Saturday afternoons are when most patrons prefer to shop in your store. Deductive reasoning â€Å"moves from a general statement to a specific conclusion† and works from the model of a â€Å"syllogism, a three-part argument that consists of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion† (Rosa School, 2012, p. 0). Please note that in order to accept your conclusion/argument, your audience should accept the major and minor premises as truths. See the below example, which could be the start of one argument In support of a vegetarian diet: Major premise: Beef contains cholesterol. Minor premise: Too much cholesterol Is bad for one’s health. Conclusion: To remain in good health, people should eat less beef. For the Discussion this week, you’ll practice creating argumentative statements, including your own syllogism. In this week’s Assignment, you’ll take it a step further and write detailed and supported arguments, either for or against the thesis of a professional essay. This will be the first draft of your Synthesis Essay, which you’ll revise in Week 4. It’s important to remember that in a Synthesis Essay, you need to add something new to the conversation. You start with existing knowledge on an Issue (in this case, a professional essay), and then create new knowledge (your argument), making unique and Insightful points. Objective(s): How to cite Lecture note, Papers

Finance for Business Economic Analysis of Investment

Question: Describe about the Finance for Business for Economic Analysis of Investment. Answer: Introduction The report will have the complete analysis of the concept of capital budget as well as a weighted average cost of capital. The analysis will be done on the two case studies which will be of EMU Electronics and Harvey Norman. Assessment will be done on the concept WACC and capital budgeting. The report will have clear concept NPV, IRR, PBP and Sensitive Analysis will be done on the given concept. The report will have completed an analysis of the capital budgeting concept. Part A Payback Period of EMU Electronics is 1.6 Profitability Index of EMU Electronics is 127.6% Internal Rate of Return of EMU Electronics is 127.67% Net Present Value of EMU Electronics is 57% The price of NPV will be affected greatly because of the launch of new smart Phone. Due to increase in the price of the new smart phone value, NPV will also be affected, with the increase in the price of the smart phone the value of NPV also increases. Similarly, with a decrease in the price of the smart phone, the value of the NPV will also be falling (Leary and Roberts 2014). With the change in the quantity of the phone sold the NPV will be changed. Moreover, for changing the sales volume, the value of NPV will be decreasing. Production of the smart phone will take place it will be generating positive NPV for the company. Similarly, a payback period of EMU Electronics has been calculated as 1.6, which is fruitful for the approach of the company, because this will help the company in getting recover the initial investment of the company under small time. By introducing the new approach EMU Electronics will be giving a return, this will help in covering the loss of the because of the decrease in sales and earlier introduced model. If the new model is introduced for recovering the loss in the generation because of loss occurred in the company for the new strategy (Gitman and Zutter 2012). Part B 4243000 $ is the "book value of debt" and 2556860 $ is the "book value of equity." The current share price of Harvey Norman is $ 5.18 as on 26th September 2016. $ 5.62 billion is the market value of Harvey Norman. The annual dividend given by the company is 20 per cents. Yes, dividend discount model ban is used by the above company. The beta of the company is 0.530 which is as per the calculation was done. 4.50% is the yield on the government debt. 4.68% is the companies cost of equity. Harman Norman has calculated the weighted average cost, by utilizing book-value which has come to 5.74%, whereas by utilizing market-value WACC comes to 6.23%. Calculation for which has been given in detail: Cost of Debts Book Value Market Value Kinds of Debts Book Value Market Value Amount Weight Weighted Rate Weighted Rate Borrowings 5.93% 6.35% 561808 81.59% 4.84% 5.18% Other Loans 4.22% 5.47% 89928 13.06% 0.55% 0.71% Bank Overdraft 6.68% 7.17% 32620 4.74% 0.32% 0.34% Financial Lease 9.50% 0.00 139 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% Other Financial Liabilities 5.21% 0.00% 4061 0.59% 0.03% 0.00% Other Financial Liabilities 5.54% 0.00% 43 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% Total 688599 100% 5.74% 6.23% In the above calculation, there is the difference of cost of debt. One cost of debts is through market value which true because it is representing economic. Whereas the another cost of debt is through book value which is also true claim because it is representing financial outstanding (Bierman and Smidt 2014). The calculated WACC through book-value comes to 4.25%, whereas though market value comes to 4.48%. The cost of capital is calculated by the use of market value is considered to be more relevant because the method is depicting the present scenario, which is taken as a relevant approach for seeking the shareholders of the firm foe doing more investments. Calculation for that has been given below: Book Value Market Value Book Value Market Value Particulars Amount Cost Cost Weight Tax Rate Weighted Rate Weighted Rate Equity 380328 4.68% 4.68% 36% 30% 4.25% 4.48% Debt 688599 5.74% 6.23% 64% 30% Total 1068927 The approach of pure play has some problem for estimating a cost of capital, and it is because of an inability of to observe the real return of the business. If this process is used the value of beta, do not come directly. The organization using this process for estimating the cost of capital are using some proxy and assumed the value which is not a correct process of valuing the activities of business. Pure play approach will only be used if the beta company is not available. So the organization will not reflect the exact and correct value of activities of investments (Hillier 2012). Conclusion Finally to conclude the report it will be said that all the calculation and estimation of the case study has been done. All the requirement of the study has been fully achieved with true understanding. After the calculation of WACC as a cost of capital of the firm, Harvey Norman will be assessing the minimum return on assets. Sensitivity analysis conducted gives a clear picture of the changes in the NPV as well as a quality of production. Reference Bibliography Arnold, G., 2014.Corporate financial management. Pearson Higher Ed. Bierman Jr, H. and Smidt, S., 2012.The capital budgeting decision: economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge. Bierman Jr, H. and Smidt, S., 2014.Advanced capital budgeting: Refinements in the economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge. Charnes, A., Cooper, W.W., Lewin, A.Y. and Seiford, L.M. eds., 2013.Data envelopment analysis: Theory, methodology, and applications. Springer Science Business Media. Dorfman, M.S. and Cather, D.A., 2012.Introduction to risk management and insurance. Pearson Higher Ed. Duchin, R. and Sosyura, D., 2013. Divisional managers and internal capital markets.The Journal of Finance,68(2), pp.387-429. Fotheringham, S. and Rogerson, P. eds., 2013.Spatial analysis and GIS. CRC Press. Gelman, A., Carlin, J.B., Stern, H.S. and Rubin, D.B., 2014.Bayesian data analysis(Vol. 2). Boca Raton, FL, USA: Chapman Hall/CRC. Gitman, L.J. and Zutter, C.J., 2012.Principles of managerial finance. Prentice Hall. Hauk, S., Knoke, T. and Wittkopf, S., 2014. Economic evaluation of short rotation coppice systems for energy from biomassa review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,29, pp.435-448. Hillier, F.S., 2012.Introduction to operations research. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Horngren, C.T., Sundem, G.L., Schatzberg, J.O. and Burgstahler, D., 2013.Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Kenny, D.A., 2014. Learn how you can do a mediation analysis and output a text description of your results: Go to mediational analysis using DataToText using SPSS or R.Retrieved September,26, p.2014. Kramer, C.K., Zinman, B. and Retnakaran, R., 2013. Are metabolically healthy overweight and obesity benign conditions?: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of internal medicine,159(11), pp.758-769. Leary, M.T. and Roberts, M.R., 2014. Do peer firms affect corporate financial policy?.The Journal of Finance,69(1), pp.139-178. McKenney, D., Yemshanov, D., Allen, D., Fraleigh, S. and Sidders, D., 2012. The economics of SRC willow and hybrid poplar afforestation biomass production for bioenergy in Ontario, inclusive and exclusive of carbon values. Canadian Forest Service. Post, D., Han, B. and Ifju, P., 2012.High sensitivity moir: experimental analysis for mechanics and materials. Springer Science Business Media. Taha, H.A., 2014.Integer programming: theory, applications, and computations. Academic Press. Thompson, D.E. and DiTomaso, N. eds., 2012.Ensuring minority success in corporate management. Springer Science Business Media. Titman, S., Keown, A.J. and Martin, J.D., 2015.Financial Management: Principles and applications. Pearson. Vickers, A.J., Cronin, A.M., Maschino, A.C., Lewith, G., MacPherson, H., Foster, N.E., Sherman, K.J., Witt, C.M., Linde, K. and Acupuncture Trialists' Collaboration, 2012. Acupuncture for chronic pain: individual patient data meta-analysis.Archives of internal medicine,172(19), pp.1444-1453. Wajcman, J., 2013.Managing like a man: Women and men in corporate management. John Wiley Sons. Young, S.A., Vaughan, M.A., Kuehn, R.E. and Winker, D.M., 2013. The retrieval of profiles of particulate extinction from CloudAerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) data: Uncertainty and error sensitivity analyses.Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology,30(3), pp.395-428. Zarychanski, R., Abou-Setta, A.M., Turgeon, A.F., Houston, B.L., McIntyre, L., Marshall, J.C. and Fergusson, D.A., 2013. Association of hydroxyethyl starch administration with mortality and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients requiring volume resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Jama,309(7), pp.678-688.

Influencing Consumer Behavior the changing image of fast food

Introduction Fast-Food providers are developing new strategies to penetrate more market. Examples of such strategies include change of menu, remodeling and redesigning of premises, just to mention but a few. This work highlights the recent strategies made by Burger King and McDonald Fast, as well as how they manipulate the perception, attitude, motivation, and personality of customers.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Influencing Consumer Behavior: the changing image of ‘fast food’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Burger King’s Strategy Knowing the tastes of their customers, restaurants that provide fast foods have devised marketing strategies that will enable them meet the needs of their customers. While other restaurants are leading the supply of meals that cater for health and fitness of their clients, Burger King is initiating a trend that is new. It is leading in providing its clients with meals whose flavor is comprised of fat and salt. On the other hand, the media and consumer advocacy groups are directing pressure towards McDonald. In response to this criticism, McDonald is providing its clients with health menu offerings that are more healthful. Further more, those clients who want their waistlines trimmed are having their needs being met by other restaurants that are collaborating with organizations such as weight watchers. However, instead of succumbing to such pressure, Burger Kings has moved ahead to find out the kind of customers who eats from its outlets and their exact needs with an intention of ensuring that they are served appropriately (Kurtz, McKenzie and Snow, 2009, p. 156). Although a choice of both the place of eating and what some one should eat may not appear to be a big deal, it entails several factors. Some of the factors that consumers may be influenced with include the cost, what their friends and family members say, where the restaurant is located, the duration the meal takes, and by how the consumers perceive the restaurant and its meals. Burger King had tried to sell low fat menu to its customers on anticipation that it was what they needed. However, the course had to be changed completely. A survey in marketing revealed that 49% of Burger Kings clients were part of the 18% population who had been identified as regular fast food eaters. According to the company executives, 18 – 34 aged men are great sports fans. They have been named Super Fans. They do not only prefer there meals to come along with sauces and meat, but they also prefer it to be served in large portions.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, in a bid to tailor-make a product that suits their needs, Burger King has come up with a new sandwich omelet. The new sandwich omelet is suitable for individuals who would prefer to be gin their day with a hearty breakfast and has seen an improvement of the company’s breakfast sales by about 20% (Kurtz, McKenzie and Snow, 2009, p. 156). Powerful Advertising Besides the new menu items whose target is the Super Fan market, a new promotional strategy has been undertaken by Burger Kings to ensure that its products reach this market. The company had purposed to have a promotional budget that was smaller than that of its rivals. This made it to channel its resources to young men. What followed was a sequence of promotions that were carried out with an attitude. Two adverts were then carried out which enabled Burger Kings to have an 18% increase in its sales volume in comparison to McDonald that registered an increase 7% lower than that of Burger Kings. Since the new promotional method was working greatly, Burger Kings proceeded with another series of adverts through the television and the website. In one of the television adverts, a young man was seen jumping up while maintaining that he was a man. He could then proceed to the Burger King and have a fleshy sandwich. While doing this he could assert that he was too angry that he could not settle for food meant for chicks (Kurtz, McKenzie and Snow, 2009, p. 156). An alternative means that the company has used to penetrate to the market of the Super Fans (young men) has been placing the ads on the mobile websites such as the CBS Sports line where a large number of people who fit the Super Fan profile are reached. Despite stepped up criticisms from various nutrition-based groups, clients like what Burger Kings serves them. Besides, Burger Kings has been able to single out who its clients are, their preferred meals and how to obtain the information from them (Kurtz, McKenzie and Snow, 2009, p. 156). Remodel of Restaurants Burger Kings is the main competitor to McDonald’s (Campbell, 1979, p. 51; Haig, 2006, p. 94). These entail red flame chandeliers that rotate, great television screens an d walls of brick. The move was meant to give Burger Kings the feeling of an upscale restaurant. The move was also expected to cost Franchisees who run a greater portion of Burger King’s business.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Influencing Consumer Behavior: the changing image of ‘fast food’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It may take the company several years for the plan to be adopted in all of its locations. There has been a climb in sales for both the restaurants that have been remodeled and those that were torn and have been completely rebuilt. However, the latter have registered a greater improvement in sales than the former. The company has plans to make all new restaurants be built based on the plan. Observers have already noted that the new remodel may appeal more to the Burger Kings’ young men who are more loyal to the company. Although drive through and carry out order s form a greater percentage of the fast – food restaurants’ business, interior remodeling makes them be able to compete with their sit down counterparts who attract more customers as a result of their attractive ambiance and quality meals. This may also enable Burger Kings be able to outdo its greatest competitor, McDonald and other rivals who have began including burgers in their menu so as to gain a share from the ever growing burger market (Royle, 2000, p. 26). Although most of these changes are inside the restaurants, Burger Kings has plans to change the exteriors also with both metal canopies and great advertising signs. Moreover, the company is adjusting its menu by adding cheeseburger to its menu in the United States. This is apart from its decisions to introduce energy cutting broiler ovens. More menu items are to be rolled out in future (Heher, 2010). Burger King’s plan on Beer The plans by Burger King’s to introduce alcoholic beverages came when there were reports that sales from the restaurant industry had declined. The sale of Burger King’s beer is to be done through whooper bars. The company’s move to taste the sale of alcoholic beverages is not a new. This is because during the year before, besides selling coffee and tea, Starbucks was inspired to introduce regional beer and wine. On the hand Spain’s Burger King has been selling beer (Harriman, 2007, p. 56).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More By launching into the arena of fast-dining dining, Burger King is targeting the population of people aged 30 years and below since, the industry’s growth is mainly dependent on this. However, critics assert that the move could be tricky since most people understand Burger King to be a Fast-Foods dealer (Horovitz, 2010). However, pro-Burger King’s people say that the move to introduce the beer is timely because given the company’s customer is growing old, Burger King is growing with the customer. More so, the company’s challenge lies in training new staff to sell alcohol.Already, Germany, Venezuela and Singapore Burger Kings sell beer. There has yet been no reported improvement in sales due to the company’s move. Besides, Burger Kings plans to deliver all its items with an exception of beer (Horovitz, 2010). Although the introduction of a new product is step in the Category Management Process, its realization is still partial. Most producers still h ave a focus on introduction of new products and this is likely to go on in future. This is because the customers’ acceptance of the new product determines the success or failure of the product introduced (Kracklauer, Mills and Seifert, 2004, p. 166). Burger King’s introduction of beer in the United States may be motivated by the fact that since the customers in Singapore, Germany, and Venezuela use it, the customers in the United States will as well accept its introduction. Producers will therefore remain worried of cooperating with retailers on introductions of new product since this could make their rivals aware and hence minimize their competitive advantage. McDonald’s Strategy The Manhattan McDonald restaurant has been renovated to take after the form of those in the United Kingdom and France. The restaurant has places where laptops can be positioned and the upholstered vinyl chairs have replaced Fiberglass seats that used to be fixed to the floor. Additiona lly, the lighting is subdued and all employees seem to suggest a hip boutique from their black uniforms (The Associated Press, 2009). What makes the restaurant look unique from all others McDonald’s is its beautiful and lounge-like appearance. The new look of the restaurant targets the young people and is meant to make them get relaxed over a newspaper and not feel rushed when in. McDonald’s spokesperson asserted that although most of the company’s 14,000 restaurants had been updated, although in the United States, the Chelsea location was the first to be accorded the urban design. The new look has enabled customers to be able to multitask while in the restaurant. For instance, while eating, one can log his laptop on and do some other tasks. The growth of McDonald’s in Europe can be attributed to not only the redesigning of the restaurants but also to its menu items. The strategy has enabled McDonald’s to record an increase in sales even during the recession (The Associated Press, 2009). There is no difference in menu at Chelsea McDonald’s and that from other locations. Differences are in the way the restaurant has been internally designed and decorated. The restaurant has tables of small size made for small groups of clients who may want to hold informal meetings. One of the McDonald’s New York restaurants has a grand piano displayed to the public. McDonald’s redesigning is not in reaction to any other brand. It is McDonald’s initiative (The Associated Press, 2009). The redesigning concept that McDonald’s has undergone is about the community center phenomenon that is making the McDonald a place where young people can hang out. McDonald’s had to start focusing more on show casing and the eating experience as a way of it coping with the trend of slow – food. Since France took the lead in the redesigning of McDonald, attempts have been made to ensure that its core customers compr ises of not only young adults but also young professionals. Olive and sage green are also to replace the company’s emblematic red and yellow colors (Design Woo, 2010). . The redesigning of McDonald’s enabled the company to introduce three main areas that would enable customers to have more choices. The three areas comprised of comfortable armchairs and sofa sets found in the â€Å"linger area,† the bar-like-zone for customers who prefer to eat alone and the family region that comprises of a colorful and flexible ambience where families can sit and enjoy meals. About seven thousand restaurants in the United States are to undergo rebuilding or modernizing. The company’s approach has been given a three dimensional expansion approach. These include changes in menu, renovation of the stores and a different ordering experience (Design Woo, 2010). Understanding Consumer’s Behavior and Personality Personality is the inner attribute that show how someone re sponds to his/her surrounding (Reynolds and Kamphaus, 2003, p. 53; Lauwers and Swisher, 2010). Particular characteristics, traits and mannerisms constitute inner attributes. Although people may possess similar traits, they cannot have all identical aspects. Since the environmental, circumstantial, socio-cultural, and psychological factors that influence behavior vary, the consumption behavior of customers often varies. Individuals interact with different circumstances and this makes them to manifest different patterns of behavior. There are two main implications for personality aspects in marketing. First, specific behaviors of customers such as the kind of brand that they will buy cannot be anticipated by single measures of their personality traits. Secondly, a different behavior is exhibited by consumers when either their purchase is being observed by other people or when they are making purchases in the company of their friends or relatives (Majumdar, 2010, p. 106). Put in a diff erent way, both situational variables and presence of other people bring about social pressure on the decisions revolving about making product choices. This is due to the interaction between the presence of others and situational variables with the consumer’s personality. Although personality is generally consistent and may depict the uniqueness of an individual, however some major events in life may cause it to change over time. There are two implications for personality on marketing. First, it influences how people may consume a given product or service. This includes its influence on consumers’ brand choices and the response of a consumer to marketing and advertising attempts by the marketer. Secondly, it gives marketers guidelines on hoe they should categorize consumers based on their traits. How McDonald’s strategies match consumer behavior and personality Therefore, cognizance of the trends in consumer behavior and personality patterns, both McDonalds and Burger King’s has devised marketing strategies that fit them. On one hand, McDonald’s has partitioned its new redesigned restaurants into three parts. The comfortable place with sofa sets and armchairs are designed for those clients who may not be in a hurry and prefer eating from comfortable sitting positions. These are consumers with a high need for cognition. This will therefore make them order meals that will enable them linger in this area for a long time. Those customers who prefer eating alone have their own area catered for them. Individuals who prefer eating in the presence of their fellow family members have their family region tailor made for them. There are cases at McDonald’s restaurant in Beijing of young couples or teenagers lingering in the restaurant. This is because they consider the surrounding to romantic for them. Women also tend to stay there for long whether they are alone or in company. Lonely men tend to eat hurriedly and leave. Differen ces in this behavior across gender is said to be due to the absence of alcohol (Counihan, 2008, p. 513). Those clients who would prefer to eat while doing some other task like reading a newspaper or working with their laptops have outfits on eateries where they can do all these tasks from. Customers who prefer music as their hobby have their needs catered for due to the presence of a grand piano that is displayed to people outside through one of the McDonald restaurant’s windows. Use of music has the ability to attract clients with similar traits (Madura, 2006, p. 531). Music has different impacts on the customer. For example, country, western and Classical music can help to enhance ambiance. Slow music can entice clients to linger in the restaurant and eat more for while fast music will enable them eat quickly and leave the store for others (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel, 2007, p. 426). McDonald’ move to introduce a playing ground for children and new items on its menu is a strategy to attract more customers (Bloomberg, 2006; Solomon, 2005, p. 206; Nelson, 2009, p. 96). The move is likely to make more clients come in as families due to presence of places where children can play and then eat. The new menu is meant to reach out to those customers who have different tastes or like making more choices. The use of red and yellow colors serves as a tool of attracting the attention of customers and pulling them to the excitement of its surrounding. The restaurant has also introduced a unique lighting system. Although this can also affect consumer choice behavior, more research is yet to be done to ascertain how this actually takes place (Marshall, 1995, p. 304). How Burger King’s strategies match consumer behavior and personality Burger King’s CEO is known for devising marketing strategies that increase the company’s sales (Pride and Ferrell, 2008, p. 57). Its aggressive advertising through the commercials on television targeting the Sup er Fans saw the company record high sales. The same was also observed through its promotions on websites on mobiles phones. Besides, its recent internal remodeling of its restaurants in most of its locations has also led to an increase in sales. The remodeled image of the internal environment changes the perception of consumers in several ways. First, the appearance is attractive and it has cost Burger King a lot of money. This has given it an executive look that is mainly attractive to the upper class customers who are quick to identify with such a restaurant that matches their economic status for instance the Thailand restaurant (Spooner, Borrowman and Baldwin, 2007). Secondly, the remodeling has given the restaurant a friendly internal ambiance that makes the customers present to linger in for more time. As this happens, they continue to buy more meals from the menu and in the long run increase its sales. Thirdly, the commercials directed to the young men make them feel superior and change their attitude towards the meals offered by the Burger Kings restaurant where they flood to continue buying more. Advertising through the mobile phone websites is also another way of targeting the youth since most of them can access mobile phones. This is also a relevant media of advertising to them (Donovan and Henley, 2010, p. 355; Koplan, 2010, p. 215). This is strategic because it targets the youth who are likely to use the company’s product. The internet is a non-personal form of advertisement that cannot only increase the awareness of clients, but can also persuade them (Madura, 2006, p. 531). Burger King’s promotional efforts have targeted different forms of personalities. Such a category of personalities is the dogmatic personality. This personality is for people who are rigid and do not show a tendency of accepting the choices made or suggested by others (Sahaf, 2008, p. 113). Messages that these consumers are receptive to are those that focus on as pects like factual differences and possible benefits of the products. Therefore, to influence their choices, celebrity endorsements are often used. In ensuring that its promotional message gets to this category of clients, Burger King’s advertising features a young man who asserts to be a man and then goes for the company’s sandwich cheese instead of any other food. Comparisons with other fast-food competitors in influencing consumer behavior In, the above-described firms are among the key multinational-based companies in the fast-food market. Various emerging market companies within the same market provide similar services. Being local does not only mean having a presence that is locally established, but also having a local knowledge that is superior with regard to tastes and differences of consumers within a given region. Survival of local brands is therefore dependent on leveraging of this superiority. By being local, some of the strengths available are reduced prod uction costs, being able to make quick decisions and moves that are pre-emptive, possibility of collaborating with international competitors and that of counterattacking (Batra, 1999, p. 226-227). An example of such a home based fast-food provider in Philippines is Jollibee. It has given McDonald (a global competitor) a great challenge in the home (Philippine) market. 75% of the burger market and 56% of fast food business is owned by Jollibee in its home market where McDonald operates as well. This has been achieved mainly customizing and tailor making its services, delivery standards, and menu to suit the needs of its local customers. This has really attracted many consumers to the firm. It has made it to maintain its market share against McDonald, which has only 19% of the same market (Batra, 1999, p. 227). Additionally, McDonald’s and other competitors, in a bid to increase profits through influencing consumer behavior is their introduction of new menu products which have often led to sales increase (Ferrante, 2008, p. 150). Relationship with theories of Consumer behavior Burger King was following Pavlov’s theory on Classical conditioning, which states that presenting the same stimuli to an organism continuously produces similar repeated response from it (Raji, 2007, p. 33). Therefore, in this case, two kinds of promotions were used as marketing stimuli and after they had led to increased sales, the company decided to use advertising as another marketing stimulus again. On the other hand, B.F. Skinner’s instrumental learning was carried out by placing a cat in closed box. In its attempt to get out of the box, the cat had to press a spring that either released food or let it to move out. By doing this repeatedly, the cat made a distinction between the spring and other levers, making it to keep on pressing it. Slow learning resulted from the reinforcement (Raji, 2007, p. 33). In the same way, the intense advertising done by Barger Kings t o reach out to the young men (Super fans) was done repeatedly in manner that made them make a strong association between the new omelet sandwich and its nutritional significance to those who used it. In addition, the cognitive learning theory states that learning is enhanced when a person’s cognition is restructured according to the problem. The person solves a problem using systematic reasoning and mental activity. When a person encounters a problem, he gathers information that can be used in the formation of both attitude and experience towards the object. For example, using intelligence and problem-solving skills, a consumer can end up buying a product that they have never bought before. Thus, before making a purchasing decision, they will make an evaluation of the psychological, economic, and sociological factors (Raji, 2007, p. 36-37). For example, the remodeling of the McDonald’s restaurants creates a serene and romantic environment to the young people who see it as a facility to address their social needs. In addition, customers purchase newly introduced meals from these fast-food providers since they can attribute the goodness and quality of the previous products to the new ones. Moreover, observational is learning by imitation. It explains how consumers acquire new behavioral patterns by watching what other do and then using it in their own situations (Nelissen, 2002, p. 311). For example, McDonald’s redesigning of the restaurant into an area that is for customers who prefer dining in the presence of others may result observational learning. Some customers may decide on what to eat based on what other customers in the same place are having. In addition, the increase in Burger King’s sales was as a result of young men imitating what they saw from the series of television adverts on its new product – omelet sandwich. Conclusion Most fast-food companies have devised strategies that tend to influence and motivate the cho ices, behavior, and personalities of customers. Burger King has remodeled its restaurant and has introduced some changes on the menu. The company has used television and internet advertising to get its message to the target audience. On the other hand, McDonald’s has rebuilt some of its restaurants with outfits that attract more clients. These include change of color, furnish, menu and introduction of both music and children’s playing ground. All these strategies have led to increase in sales volume for the two companies. This is because they have the ability to manipulate the perceptions, learning, attitude formation, and purchasing behavior of consumers. References List Batra, R. 1999. 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Available from: http://www.designwoo.com/2010/10/mcdonalds-redesign-a-new-era-for-fast-food-restaurants/ . Donovan, R. and Henley, N., 2010. Principles and Practice of Social Marketing: An International Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ferrante, J. 2008. Sociology: A global Perspective. Belmont: Thomson Wadsworth. Haig, M., 2006. Brand R oyalty: How the World’s Top 100 Brands Thrive Survive. London: Kogan Page Limited. Harriman, C., 2007. Take Your Kids to Europe: How to Travel Safely (and Sanely) in Europe with Your Children. Guilford: Globe Pequot Press. Heher, A.M., 2010. The Huffington Post: Burger King Plans Edgy, Futuristic Remodel of Restaurants. Web. Available from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/10/06/burger-king-plans-edgy-fu_n_311830.html . Horovitz, B., 2010. Burger King plans beer-selling Whopper Bar in South Beach. Web. Available from: http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2010-01-21-burger-king-beer_N.htm . Koplan, J. 2010. Progress in preventing childhood obesity: how do we measure up? Washington DC: The National Academies Press. Kracklauer, A. Mills, D. and Seifert, D., 2004. Collaborative customer relationship management: taking CRM to the next level. Boston: Springer. Kurtz, D. McKenzie, H. and Snow, K., 2009. Contemporary Marketing. Ontario: Cengage learning. Lamb, C. Hair, J. and McDaniel, C., 2007. Marketing. Mason: Cengage Learning. Lauwers, J. and Swisher, A., 2010. Counseling the Nursing Mother. Ontario: Jones and Bartlett learning. Madura, J., 2006. Introduction to Business. Mason: Thompson Learning Inc. Majumdar, R., 2010. Consumer Behavior: Insights from Indian Market. New Delhi: PHI Learning. Marshall, D., 1995. Food Choice and the Consumer. London: Blackie Academic and Professional. Nelson, M.K., 2009. Who’s watching? Daily practices of surveillance among contemporary families. Nashville, Tennessee: Vanderbilt University Press. Nelissen, W. 2002. Marketing for suitability: Towards Transactional Policy Making. Amsterdam: IOS Press Pride, W.M. and Ferrell, O.C., 2008. Marketing. Mason: Cengage Learning. Raji, P.T. 2007. Consumers’ buying secrets revealed. Ebookboxs. Web. Available from https://books.google.com/books?id=hPpF5fKdeAUCpg=PA33dq=classical+conditioning+theory+marketinghl=enei=doxfTdDaJsKK5Ab94Ky9CQsa=Xoi=book_resultct=res ultresnum=6ved=0CEUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepageq=classical%20conditioning%20theory%20marketingf=false . Reynolds, C.R. and Kamphaus, R.W., 2003. Handbook of psychological and educational assessment of children. NY: Guilford Press. Royle, T., 2000. Working for McDonald’s in Europe: the Unequal Struggle. New York: Routledge. Sahaf, M.A., 2008. Strategic Marketing: Making Decisions for Strategic Advantage. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India. Solomon, S.G., 2005. American playgrounds: Revitalizing Community Space. Lebanon: University Press of New England. Spooner, A. Borrowman, H. and Baldwin, W., 2007. Thailand. NY: Foot prints Travel Guides. The Associated Press. 2009. Foreign operation methods: theory, analysis, strategy. Web. Available from: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/34019334/ns/business-us_business/ . This assessment on Influencing Consumer Behavior: the changing image of ‘fast food’ was written and submitted by user Brotherhood of Evil Mutants to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Prison

AN ALTERNATIVE FOR PRISON America's prisons have been called "graduate schools for crime." It stands to reason: Take a group of people, strip them of possessions and privacy, expose them to constant threats of violence, overcrowd their cell- block, deprive them of meaningful work, and the result is an embittered underclass more intent on getting even with society than contributing to it. Prisons take the nonviolent offender and make him live by violence. They take the nonviolent offender and make him a hardened killer. America has to wake up and realize that the current structure of our penal system is failing terribly. The government has to devise new ways to punish the guilty, and still manage to keep American citizens satisfied that our prison system is still effective. Americans pay a great deal for prisons to fail so badly. Like all big government solutions, they are expensive. In the course of my studies dealing with the criminal justice system, I have learned that the government spends approximately eighty-thousand dollars to build one cell, and $28,000 per year to keep a prisoner locked up. That's about the same as the cost of sending a student to Harvard. Because of overcrowding, it is estimated that more than ten-billion dollars in construction is needed to create sufficient space for just the current prison population. The plain truth is that the very nature of prison, no matter how humane society attempts to make it, produces an environment that is inevitably devastating to its residents. Even if their release is delayed by longer sentences, those residents inevitably return to damage the community, and we are paying top dollar to make this possible. Why should tax payers be forced to pay amounts to keep nonviolent criminals sitting in prison cells where they become bitter and more likely to repeat their offenses when they are released? Instead, why not put them to work outs... Free Essays on Prison Free Essays on Prison AN ALTERNATIVE FOR PRISON America's prisons have been called "graduate schools for crime." It stands to reason: Take a group of people, strip them of possessions and privacy, expose them to constant threats of violence, overcrowd their cell- block, deprive them of meaningful work, and the result is an embittered underclass more intent on getting even with society than contributing to it. Prisons take the nonviolent offender and make him live by violence. They take the nonviolent offender and make him a hardened killer. America has to wake up and realize that the current structure of our penal system is failing terribly. The government has to devise new ways to punish the guilty, and still manage to keep American citizens satisfied that our prison system is still effective. Americans pay a great deal for prisons to fail so badly. Like all big government solutions, they are expensive. In the course of my studies dealing with the criminal justice system, I have learned that the government spends approximately eighty-thousand dollars to build one cell, and $28,000 per year to keep a prisoner locked up. That's about the same as the cost of sending a student to Harvard. Because of overcrowding, it is estimated that more than ten-billion dollars in construction is needed to create sufficient space for just the current prison population. The plain truth is that the very nature of prison, no matter how humane society attempts to make it, produces an environment that is inevitably devastating to its residents. Even if their release is delayed by longer sentences, those residents inevitably return to damage the community, and we are paying top dollar to make this possible. Why should tax payers be forced to pay amounts to keep nonviolent criminals sitting in prison cells where they become bitter and more likely to repeat their offenses when they are released? Instead, why not put them to work outs...

Preparing a comprehensive case analysis, Part 2 Assignment

Preparing a comprehensive case analysis, Part 2 - Assignment Example He further notes that since the inflation and the Gross National product (GNP) have a substantial impact on the market growth, they are included an index. The range is divided between two divisions: high growth depicting industries and firms growing and expanding faster than inflation and the gross domestic products and are shown above the line while low growth depicts those industries and firms growing slower and at a less than inflation rate or GNP rate. Headley (1977) notes that the horizontal axis (x) shows the relative market share. The share is computed relative to the largest competitor in the market. Consequently, both the range and the division are arbitrary. He incorporated the scale of 1.0 to show the line where market leadership will occur. This implied that market leadership would occur where the market share exceeded 1.0 As put forward by David (2011) and Headley (1977), the BCG Growth/share matrix is divided into four quadrants, each representing a particular type of b usiness. The circles represent products. Therefore, the size of the circle reflects the relative significance of the product to group sales. Furthermore, its development reflects the profit contribution to each division and occasionally represents in the pie segments within the circle. The Boston Consulting Group’s Growth Share Matrix Fig 2 (DISASTER SEQUENCE AND SUCCESS IN PRODUCT PORTFOLIO STARS QUESTION MARKS CASH COWS DOGS The disaster sequence moves from the dogs to stars to dogs in that order while the success sequence moves from the dogs to stars. Key Y AXIS – MARKET GROWTH RATE X AXIS – RELATIVE MARKET SHARE Disaster sequence (anticlockwise) The clockwise is the success sequence a) THE QUESTION MARKS These product or businesses compete in high growth markets, but where the markets share of the firm is relatively low. For instance, a new product launched into a high growth market and with an existing market leader is normally considered a question mark. B usiness firms with such products normally align themselves with either of the following intensive or divestment strategic options in order to improve the competitive position, sales volume and reputation of the firm: market penetration, market development and product development (David, 2011; Headley, 1977) b) THE STARS These are successful question marks (David, 2011). However, as Headley notes an investment is still normally required to maintain growth and defend the leadership position of the firm. As noted by Headley (1977), occasionally, they are marginally profitable products. However, as they achieve a more mature status in their life cycle and growth levels, they appear more attractive. He further notes that these products provide a basis for the long-term growth and profitability for the firm. During this business period, the firms normally adopt some strategic options such as market penetration; market and product development, joint ventures and integration. These defensiv e strategies are aimed at defending the market share and the leadership position from its competitors (David, 2011). C) THE CASH COW These are characterised by a relatively high market share in low growth industries. As the market matures, the need for the investment reduces due to a reduction in operating costs. As noted by the David (2011) and Headley (1977), these products are the most profitable products in the business portfolio. In addition, usually the market situation is boosted by the economies of scale

War and Peace in the Middle East Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

War and Peace in the Middle East - Essay Example The Middle East political plethora is characterized by fighting raging from Syria and its spillover effect felt in Lebanon Bahrain and Iraq. There is no denying the sectarianism is commonplace in the Middle East politics with religious identity the most vital end in defining the political life of the people. Therefore, the war in these countries remains a familiar factor in the pursuit of national interest of the individual countries in the oil-rich region (CASHMAN, 2000:45). Various ideas, theories, and values shape policy and motivate the political behavior of citizens in certain countries. International relations theorists disagree over the inevitability of war. To classical realists and neo-liberalists, war is inevitable. They posit that each state is compelled to harm the other in pursuit of their interests and to avoid the worst possible outcome. This follows with states increasing their defense capabilities thereby increasing tension and chances of war. Realism has evolved int o the dominant paradigm in explaining state behavior and the eruption of war. Neo-realists hold that state behavior is driven by the need for survival in the international system. States try to survive by maximizing their power and shifting the balance of power in their favor. Mearsheimer’s ‘Offensive Realism Theory’ asserts the rationality of states in an anarchic world system. This leads to a security dilemma where a defensive action taken by one state on the verge of survival is a threat to another.... To classical realists and neo-liberalists, war is inevitable. They posit that each state is compelled to harm the other in pursuit of their interests and to avoid the worst possible outcome. This follows with states increasing their defense capabilities thereby increasing tension and chances of war. Realism has evolved into the dominant paradigm in explaining state behavior and the eruption of war. Neo-realists hold that state behavior is driven by the need for survival in the international system. States try to survive by maximizing their power and shifting the balance of power in their favor. Mearsheimer’s ‘Offensive Realism Theory’ asserts the rationality of states in an anarchic world system. This leads to a security dilemma where a defensive action taken by one state in the verge of survival is a threat to another. Realism fronts war as one of the best strategies for states to maximize their power and ensure their survival. In other cases, the threat of force may be used to maximize power. According to the theory also, other states may insight war between rival nations in a bid to reduce their power and eventually increase their own (DUNNE, KURKI, & SMITH, 2013:79). A good illustration is Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, at an individual level; Saddam Hussein may have calculated that his actions on Kuwait will not provoke military response from the international community due to his originally ruthless nature. However, at the state level Iraq is pursuing its own national interests and attempting to regain oil fields that were previously annexed by the British (CASHMAN, 2000:79). According to Mearsheimer’s theory also, the polarity between states or the possibility of war depends in the number of

Impact of Donald Trump on the East and West

Impact of Donald Trump on the East and West The Weakening West: Opportunities for the East The West in the Era of Trump As the first quarter of the 21st century unfolds, there are many signs that the West, led by the United States of America, is struggling to maintain it’s dominant influence in the world. After the end of World War II, in 1945, the United States of America played a central role in encouraging the economic and governmental cooperation between countries of Western Europe, Canada and itself. As time moved on, this union of peace grew to incorporate other countries, and through it all, the United States has been the heart of the system. The system created has been truly unique with respect to the shared values, common goals, economic successes and mutual respect shared between these countries. However, this new, and often termed liberal world order, which has been defined, dominated and nurtured by the United States, continues, in recent years, to be challenged in a way that increases the likelihood that the West will be weakened as the dominant power in the unfolding 21st century. Factors within and external to the West will play key roles in the weakening of its hold.   First, the strength and unity of the United States itself, as the leader and defender of the liberal order, is now in crisis. This crisis of unity and rise in populism now extends beyond the borders of the United States to other key nations of the western world, further eroding the very values, policies and institutions that define the West. Second, the presence of weakened, unpredictable and misguided leadership in the United States is having a profoundly negative impact on the future of the United States as the leader of the West. And finally, China in the East, sits poised to challenge what is already a weakened international order. It is a time of great challenge for the West and it appears that the liberal world order, as known today, will be weakened in the coming decades.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The last couple of years have given us cause to observe that important challenges in foreign policies seem to be coming more from within the countries themselves than from between the countries in the West.[1] In 2016, two powerful nations that have played key roles in the creation of the liberal order, the United States and the United Kingdom, appear to have turned away from this ideal. The rise of populism has been exemplified by the election of President Trump in the USA and the exit of the UK from the European Union, or Brexit. Populism is best described as a commitment to strong leaders and a disdain for powerful institutions and limits on sovereignty.[2] It suggests a suspicion and hostility aimed at elites, mainstream politics and well- established institutions.[3] Of course many of those very institutions are at the heart of the liberal world order such as the United Nations, the European Union, the World Trade Organization, and others. Through these institutions we have enjoyed peace, safety, and economic stability.   Under Donald Trump, a populist leader, he has convinced many that he is there for the people, that he will save them and that he eschews the important institutions as unnecessary, expensive and unhelpful to the people. The very middle class that the liberal world order has helped to create are now turning against it. The working class resent the elite and rich and believe that they gain from international institutions and gain favor with higher ups in government.   â€Å"America first† was a slogan that has become the new reality of the USA. In the case of Brexit, the British government under the leadership of David Cameron held a referendum on whether or not Britain should leave the European Union. To the shock of the world a majority voted to leave. As with the pro-Trump supporters, the pro-Brexit supporters believed that such dramatic change, in this case leaving the EU, was essential to restore the very identity of the country and its people. The â€Å"Take Control† slogan appears to have convinced many. It appears that the populist movement, in which a large segment of the poor and working-class population becomes anti-establishment and anti-elite has voted against the mainstream political leanings, once again. The very Union that has brought us peace for the last 70 years is now under growing strain.[4] The impact of leaving the European Union remains to be seen for Britain itself, but this action most certainly weakens the very unified Europe that we have all counted on as a powerful component of the liberal world order of the West. With the recognition of the United States as the historical nurturer and leader of the West it is logical to expect that the President of the United States would espouse principles of mutual respect and cooperation with the other countries of the West, in addition to shared beliefs and goals. With the election of Donald Trump the very leadership of the country, and of it’s future and of the West is threatened. Trump appears to see the United States cooperation with the greater West as somehow costing the country more than it is benefitting it. Two significant decisions by Trump since coming into office illustrate just how seriously he seeks to appeal to his domestic base, regardless of its impact beyond the country’s borders. Trump recently announced a decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris Climate Agreement. In 2015, 195 countries attending the Paris Climate Conference adopted the first ever universal global climate deal. The main goal of the agreement is to keep global average temperatures from rising 2 degrees by the end of the century. Beyond 2 degrees promises catastrophic weather changes threatening man’s very survival. For the U.S. the pledge they made was to reduce 26 to 28 percent greenhouse gas reductions by 2026. The agreement is to create a culture of accountability and hopefully some peer pressure between countries will be at work. President Trump’s decision to withdraw has many believing, including Former Energy Secretary and US negotiator for the Paris Climate Agreement, Ernest Moniz, that his decision is more about politics, even about theatre, than it is anything to do with climate.[5] Again, he is playing to his domestic base at home, focused on the United States, with little regard for other countries, or for the world at large. Without the United States there is no doubt that the Agreement will be weakened, not to mention the remarkable coalition of all but two countries, who worked so hard to come to such a remarkable agreement. On the first day of President Trump’s presidency he also pulled the United States out of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement. This is a trade agreement between twelve countries, responsible for 40% of the world’s trade, that border the Pacific Ocean. They signed up to this agreement in 2016.  Ã‚   The agreement was ultimately aimed at helping these countries to encourage trade between them and to deepen their economic ties. It is believed that this deal, once ratified, would have supported greatly the United States’ position in the Asia-Pacific region, where China’s influence is being felt more and more.[6] Trump called it a â€Å"horrible deal† when on the campaign trail and claimed that it aims to benefit big business and other countries and that, in the process, jobs in the United States would be threatened. While the USA now appears focused on its domestic interests, far from it’s previous role as the leader of the West, China now sits poised to replace the West as the new world leader. Gideon Rachman, in his new book Easternization writes of a transformed Asia. In his words, â€Å"the West’s centuries-long domination of world affairs is now coming to a close.†[7] China, a country of enormous population and administrative determination, is on the move to take advantage of the refocusing of the recent United States administrative decisions and to assume control as the Eastern leader. In 2014 China became the worlds largest economy.[8] A fast expanding military   speaks to the confidence the leaders have in it’s own strength with respect to the United States and its own neighbors. China’s President Xi Jinping dedicates far more time visiting the People’s Liberation Army headquarters than his predecessors and clearly has as a mandate to develop new military policies and bolster Chinese Communist Party propaganda.[9] China is claiming ownership of waters claimed by other eastern countries and is building artificial islands and sending airplanes and ships to challenge fishing boundaries and oil resources. Many ongoing decisions of the United States administration bear evidence of their apparent willingness to forfeit power and leadership to China, in exchange for building their internal appeal to the general populous. Removing itself from the Paris Climate Agreement has left China the opportunity now to move forward with leadership in this area and to pledge new partnerships with members of the Agreement. Likewise, a few weeks after the United States removed itself from the Trans-Pacific Partnership China sent high-ranking diplomats to meet with the remaining members of the partnership to discuss forming a new regional trade partnership with China, rather than the United States, as a member.[10] Just this week an article appears in Foreign Affairs in which Casarini writes about â€Å"A New Era for EU-China Relations?-How They Are Forging Ahead Without the United States†. He details several ways in which China is recently working with the EU. Beijing is trying to charm Europe through investments. Europe is now the top destination for Chinese foreign investments, surpassing the United States. Both China and the EU have pledged to continue efforts to reduce pollution and combat rising sea levels even, without the United States. Casarini believes it is likely that the EU and China will foster ties on security and defence as well. However, he points out quickly that â€Å"A China-EU alliance would be more a marriage of convenience than a solid partnership—one that is facilitated by Brexit and that revolves around a shared antagonism for Trump.† The future of the West, with the United States in a leadership role, faces major threats and, on it’s current trajectory, stands to weaken as the 21st century unfolds. With the President of the United States working to remove his country from agreements focused on the collective welfare of many countries, in favor of pleasing his own voter base, combined with the rise of populist governments within the West, the future does not look hopeful. With the West weakened and lacking leadership, the East is well poised and stepping forward to strengthen it’s leadership on many fronts, including areas of economics, security and climate. It may be that China will forge alliances with members of the existing West, but one thing is certain, the West as it has been known until recently, will not exist and the future remains unclear.   Endnotes [1] Jeff D. Colgan, Robert O. Keohane, â€Å"The Liberal Order Is Rigged: Fix It Now or Watch It Wither,† Foreign Affairs, (May & June 2017), 36. [2] Ibid. [3] Fareed Zakaria, â€Å"Populism on the March: Why the West Is in Trouble,† Foreign Affairs, (November & December 2016). [4] Amanda. Taub, â€Å"Brexit, Explained: 7 Questions About What It Means and Why It Matters,† The New York Times, 20 June 2016. [5] Ernest Moniz, interview by Fareed Zakaria, Cable News Network, June 4, 2017. [6] â€Å"TPP: What is it and why does it matter?† British Broadcasting Corporation, January 23, 2017, http://www.bbc.com/news/business-32498715 (accessed June 9, 2017). [7] Gideon Rachman, Easternization: Asia’s Rise and America’s Decline from Obama to Trump and Beyond (New York: Other Press, 2016). [8] Jessica T. Mathews, â€Å"Can China Replace the West?† The New York Review of Books, (11 May 2017). [9] Ibid. [10] Ibid. Bibliography Acemoglu, Daron, and James A. Robinson. Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. New York, NY: Crown Business, 2013. Brinton, Crane, John B. Christopher, and Robert Lee Wolff. Civilization in the West. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1964. Brà ¶ning, Michael. The Rise of Populism in Europe: Can the Center Hold? Foreign Affairs, 3 June 2016. Casarini, N. A New Era for EU-China Relations? Foreign Affairs, 6 June 2017. Colgan, Jeff D., and Keohane, Robert O. The Liberal Order Is Rigged: Fix It Now or Watch It Wither, Foreign Affairs, May & June 2017. CrashCourse. â€Å"The Rise of the West and Historical Methodology: Crash Course World History #212†. Filmed [October 2014]. YouTube Video, 11:53. Posted [October 2014]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nosJVTuCHFk. Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. New York: Penguin Books, 2011. Dollar, David. Brexit Aftermath: The Wests Decline and Chinas Rise, Brookings Institution, 27 June 2016. Durden, Tyler. The BBC Looks At How Western Civilisation Could Collapse. Zero Hedge, 19 April 2017. Feigenbaum, Evan A. China and the World, Foreign Affairs, Jan. & Feb. 2017. Ferguson, Niall. Civilization: the West and the rest. New York: Penguin Books, 2012. Hunter, Erica C. D. First civilizations. New York: Facts on File, 1994. Ikenberry, John. The Rise of China and the Future of the West | Foreign Affairs. Home | Foreign Affairs. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/63042/g-john-ikenberry/the-rise-of-china-and-the-future-of-the-west. Mathews, Jessica T. Can China Replace the West? The New York Review of Books. 11 May 2017. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2017/05/11/easternization-can-china-replace-the-west/. Moniz, Ernest. Cable News Network. By Fareed Zakaria. June 4, 2017. Niblett, Robin. Liberalism in Retreat: The Demise of a Dream, Foreign Affairs, Jan. & Feb. 2017. Nye, Joseph S. Will the Liberal Order Survive, Foreign Affairs, Jan. & Feb. 2017. Rachman, Gideon. Easternization: Asias Rise and Americas Decline from Obama to Trump and Beyond. New York: Other Press, 2016. Rapoza, Kenneth. Communist China Is Now the Leader Of The Free Trade World, Forbes, 24 January 2017. Rapoza, Kenneth. The Future: Chinas Rise, Americas Decline, Forbes, 26 March 2017. Rose, Gideon. Out of Order? Foreign Affairs, Jan. & Feb. 2017. Rose, Gideon. The Power of Populism: Whats Inside, Foreign Affairs, Nov. & Dec. 2016. Savic, Bob. Behind China and Russias Special Relationship,† The Diplomat, 7 December 2016. Svidà ©n, Ove. The East Wind will Prevail Over the West Wind. Peace Philosophers Blog (web log), 4 January 2017. http://www.peace.se/blog/2017/01/04/mao-zedong-the-east-wind-will-prevail-over-the-west-wind/. Taub, A. Brexit, Explained: 7 Questions About What It Means and Why It Matters. The New York Times, 20 June 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/21/world/europe/brexit-britain-eu-explained.html?_r=0. TPP: What is it and why does it matter? British Broadcasting Corporation. January 23, 2017, http://www.bbc.com/news/business-32498715 (accessed June 9, 2017). Zakaria, Fareed. Populism on the March: Why the West Is in Trouble, Foreign Affairs, Nov. & Dec. 2016.